The aim of this study to add the dynamic properties of Luffa cylindrica fiber reinforced Bio-composite materials to the literature. As dynamic properties resonance frequencies and damping measured both for the bio-composite and chemical composite materials. To able to compare the properties of natural fiber and chemical fiber, used the same matrix to produce the composite materials. Luffa cylindrica fiber and glass fiber were used as reinforcements, and epoxy resin was used as a matrix to make up the composite specimens. As a dynamic test, vibration tests were fulfilled using hummer. All results obviously showed that damping characteristics of Luffa cylindrica composite is higher than glass fiber composite materials. These results demonstrated that, natural fiber materials can be used instead of chemical materials, in absorbing the vibration due to their high damping.

Azygos lobe is one of the rare variations in lungs. In this article, we aimed to examine the prevalence and accompanying pathologies of azygos lob variation.\n420 patients who had thorax CT for various reason between dates 01.01.2013- 31.12.2013 has been evaluated retrospectively. We detected azygos lob variation in ten patients (2,38 %) and included in our study. 6 of patients were female and 4 of them were males. Ages of the patients differed between 45-76 and the mean value was 58, 9.\nAll patients had azygos lob variation on right lung. One of our patients had a nodule in azygos lobe, one had ground glass opacity on CT, one patient had calcified pleural plaque, one patient had pleural thickening and pleural plaque and two patients had emphysematous changes. Four patients did not have any detected pathology.\nIn result, recognition of lobe variations and accompanying pathologies would be beneficial for diagnosis and treatment of patients. For this reason, we believe that recognition and reporting of these variations detectable by radiological imaging are important.

Establishing Public Relations (PR) as a common practice in public companies is a relatively new concept in developing countries, especially in Turkey, which can be characterized as a country with fast-growing market and with high potential for fast economic development. PR as a profession (industry) and as an academic choice (education) has very good presence in Turkey, with great potential for further development. The primary aim of this paper is to explain the negative implications on the economy, image, and reputation of Turkey and for the largest public company in Turkey, Turk Telecom. From the PR perspective, negative implications arise from the absence of strategic PR on the corporate level in Turk Telecom on the one side and the absence of political PR on the side of the government, both in the process of privatization of the largest public company in Turkey, Turk Telecom, as our research will show. We chose a period of time for our research or the mandate of 57 coalition government of Turkey Republic, which is a good example of how disagreements within internal political parties can result in bad image and reputation on national and international level. Furthermore, what are the implications of lack of strategic PR in times of crises? This paper, in addition to its scientific contribution to the theory of PR and strategic management (SM), contributes to the practice, especially for the PR industry in Turkey and in developing countries where privatizations of public companies are still in the process.

This paper proposes an adaptive control method for Hybrid Active Power Filter (HAPF). It is composed of the fuzzy-neural controller, identify and predictive model and cost function. The fuzzy-neural controller parameters are adjusted according to the cost function minimum criterion. For this reason, the proposed control method has a capability online control following variant of the harmonic currents. Compared to the control method using a single fuzzy logic controller, the proposed control method shows the advantages of shorter response time, able to online control very well and very effectively in harmonics cancelling. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed control method.

This paper considers the partial differential problem of four types of multivariable trigonometric functions and uses mathematical software Maple for verification. The Fourier series expansions of any order partial derivatives of these multivariable functions can be obtained using complex geometric series, binomial theorem, and differentiation term by term theorem, which greatly reduce the difficulty of calculating their higher order partial derivative values. On the other hand, some examples are used to demonstrate the calculations.

Truffles are very precious and expensive mushrooms due to their characteristic aroma and delicious taste. The present study was carried out to survey the nutritional value of Tuber aestivum, a wild edible mushroom belonging to Tuber genus. It was analyzed for fatty acid content, phenolic and volatile compounds, amino acid and sugar profile. The mycochemical composition of the studied mushroom revealed that this wild edible mushroom was a rich source of carbohydrates and protein, and also showed high antioxidant activity. The characteristic mushroom odor compounds, 1-octen-3-ol (8.81%) and 1-octen-3-one (6.19%), have been also detected. However, it has been reported that p-hydroxy benzoic acid, gentisic acid, vanillic acid were found in ethyl acetate extract as phenolic ingredient. In the lipidic extract, it has been determined that 75.53% linoleic acid (C18:2n6c), 13.63% palmitic acid (C16:0), 7.21% oleic acid (C18:1n9c), 2.38% stearic acid (C18:0). Also sucrose was detected as major constituent in the sugar profile of the studied mushroom. The wild edible mushroom, Tuber aestivum may show up a value and importance in food and pharmaceutical drugs as a source of natural healthy product.

Résumé :\nCet article se donne pour objectif d’analyser scientifiquement les fonctions obligatoires en comparant plusieurs systèmes verbeux dans deux grandes familles des langues, la première est l’indo-européenne et la deuxième est la chamito-sémitique – appelée également afro-asiatique ou afrasienne. Pour ces langues, les fonctions obligatoires se limitent à une seule fonction qui est la fonction sujet appelée ici la fonction actualisatrice de noyau verbal qui se manifeste différemment d’un système à un autre.\n\nAbstract\nThe objective of this article is to analyze the obligatory syntactic functions in certain languages by comparing several verbal systems in two large families of languages : the first is the Indo-European and the second is the Hamito-Semitic - also called Afro-Asian. The obligatory functions are limited in these languages to one. This function is called actualisatrice for verbal core, which is manifested differently from one linguistic system to another.

Background: Tridax Procumbens Linn is a weed adapted to tropical climates, with various pharmacological activities including anti diabetic, anti cancer, anti oxidant and anti inflammatory. It is used in treatment of wounds, diarrhoea, and hair fall. Objective: To formulate and evaluate polymeric herbal nanoparticles of Tridax Procumbens and develop as a gel for convenient topical application. Materials and methods: Powdered dried leaves of T.Procumbens were extracted by soxhelet apparatus for 48 hours using ethanol as solvent. Crude extract was formulated as nanoparticles by solvent evaporation method using Eudragit L100 and was incorporated into gel. Nanoparticles and gels were subjected to various evaluation tests such as drug release, entrapment efficiency, size analysis, zeta potential; In-vitro antioxidant and anti inflammatory assays were performed to evaluate its potency for therapeutic applications. Optimization of nano formulation was done by response surface methodology using central composite design. In-vitro drug release was carried out using dialysis bag method and release mechanics was studied. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of steroids, tannins, saponins, flavanoids which was confirmed by GC-MS analysis. Crude extract and nanoparticles have shown anti oxidant and anti inflammatory activity when compared to reference drugs. The drug release from nanoparticles and gels seems to fit Weibull and Gompertz model mechanism. Conclusion: Nanoparticles formulation offers sustained release due to the hydrophobic nature of Eudragit L100 and also improves bioavailability.

Humanity passes through a period of time in which economic facts are not only determining factors on almost all activities from the behavior of partner selection to that of voting but also one of the ways to rationalize daily life. This period is a period in which the nature of materialistic world of today in parallel with the spiritual nature of human is difficult to progress without conflict. In this period, the responsibility of education for forming the basis of perception about what being human and society mean gains more importance. In this article, the realization of the individual and social function of education is considered. In the first part of the article, the mentality of performance of today’s world is explained in general terms; in the second part, the possibility of growth potential and the development capacity of human spirituality against the problems resulting from financial concerns are disputed; In the final part,with the synthesis of these two parts, necessity to activate individual and social function of education in our country where millions of people behave in the way that they have financial concerns is stated.

The research subject of this paper is the analysis of competitiveness of\nprocessed food sector products, in order to measure the comparative advantage of\nexport and recognize the level of correlative dependence of export of the said\nproducts in the Danube region countries. In this research we have applied the Balassa\nindex. We have dynamically examined the TPI indices of processed food sector in\nthe Danube region countries. The emphasis is on the correlation analysis of RCA\nindices of commodity groups that constitute the processed food sector. Via\napplication of Pearson and Spearman index we have determined how much the\nvariables mutually co-vary. In the research we have used the ITC, UN comtrade data\nfor the time period between 2005 and 2012.\nWe have examined the normality of distributions of RCA indices of\nprocessed food sector products in the Danube region countries. Through application\nof D’Agostino and Pearson normality test we have demonstrated that the\ndistributions of RCA indices in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Moldova and\nSlovenia deviate from normality. The analysis of Spearman correlation of RCA\nindices of Czech Republic and other countries has established a high correlation with\nRomania, and Hungary with Moldova and Serbia. High correlation is present among\nMoldova and Serbia. RCA of Bulgaria is highly correlated with Ukraine. For\nvariance analysis purposes, the countries have been grouped into three categories.\nThe first group consists of Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Ukraine, Moldova –\ncountries that are not in the EU; countries that have recently joined the EU: Croatia,\nRomania, Bulgaria and Slovenia. The third group consists of countries that are the\nmost developed countries of the Danube region and that were among the first to join\nthe EU: Germany, Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary. Variance\nanalysis has indicated that the value of RCA index has not changed significantly\nbetween 2005 and 2012. LSD test of subsequent comparisons has showed that there\nare significant differences among the first and the second group of countries, as well\nas among the second and the third. RCA index is lower in the second group than in\nthe first and the third group of countries. There have been no significant differences\nin the average value of the RCA index among the first and the third group.

In this work, we studied the some characteristic properties of the spherical indicatrices of base curves of Parallel z-Equidistant Ruled Surfaces and investigated the relations between curvatures, torsions, curvature radiuses and arclengths of the indicatrix curves. We also obtain the some corollaries in the cases that base curves of Parallel z-Equidistant Ruled Surfaces are slant helices.

Development of information technologies for various sectors of the economy allows to develop computer tools in order to support the process of extracting and processing raw materials for renewable energy products. Hence, the present paper presents a description of a computer application named EkoPeBio v 1.0 created for the purpose of assisting the production of plant biomass pellets. The programme enables obtaining information on parameters of producing pellets from 11 selected plant materials. Moreover, the programme includes examples of agricultural practices in the production of the raw material. The paper presents an opportunity to draw up a balance of the pellet production profitability based on the calculations according to the original equation. In addition, the application provides a possibility to follow the consecutive stages of the production of plant biomass pellets in compliance with the authors\' algorithm it uses.

Due to the dynamic development of the sector of plant biomass pellets production, a necessity arises to seek for new solutions supporting the process of obtaining renewable energy from this material. The most common type of pellet on the current market is wood pellet (Fijałkowska and Styszko, 2011). However, due to the high demand for pellets on the one hand and reducing the amount of timber on the other, agropellet is gaining more and more recognition. The paper presents an opportunity to draw up a balance of the pellet production profitability based on the calculations according to the original equation. In addition, the work provides a possibility to follow the consecutive stages of the production of plant biomass pellets in compliance with the authors\' algorithm it uses.The practical uses of the economic model and algorithm of pellets production are described in Part 2.

Around 80% of textile dyes are constituted of Benzedrine based dyes or aromatic hazardous substances azo groups that are normally discharged to surface and ground water aquifers producing huge amounts of polluted effluents. According to the scientific awareness to reach an eco-friendly system, this research part deals on the optimum extraction condition of the new arta natural dye, where the optimization parameters have technical and commercial importance on cost and color yield. The possibility of reducing the temperature of conventional extraction using ultrasonic in order to reach absorbance values comparable to those obtained with the standard procedure at 80 oC, obtaining higher absorbency. Distilled water and different concentrations of water-acetone and water ethanol mixtures at different temperatures, pH values and time intervals were studied. Data observed that 20% (v/v) acetone, 12% (w/v) arta at pH 9 at 60oC for 105 min using ultrasonic energy identified the most appropriate color extract with higher absorbency at lower temperature, avoiding any loss in color quality and time consuming. The dipole moment, dielectric constant, and refractive index of solvents were affected the absorbance values. The pH 9 at 60oC for 105 min, increased the diffusion coefficients of color component. Ultrasonic energy accelerated the rate of arta molecules diffusion in the extract bath and intense the liquid agitation. FTIR analysis investigated the presence of flavonoid compounds in arta extract which have antibacterial properties giving chance to the studied extract to be applied for antimicrobial textile dyeing in the second research part.

Present study was conducted to evaluate the role of oxidative stress management in the leaves of two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, Veery (drought tolerant) and Sids-1(drought susceptible) under drought stress and subsequent rehydration. The role of glutathione in the antioxidative defense system provides a rationale for its use as a stress marker. When wheat seedlings were subjected to progressing drought, the initial response was a slight oxidation of the glutathione pool, followed by increased glutathione concentrations. When the stress increased, glutathione concentrations dropped and redox state became more oxidized, which marked the degradation of the system. Proteolytic activities were assayed using azocasein in the case of vacuolar proteinases at pH 5.0. Drought stress increased vacuolar azocaseinolytic activity at both stages of water shortage treatments, but the increase was significantly lower after rehydration especially in tolerant cultivar. The results presented indicate that protein degradation are interlinked with glutathione content upon dehydration and are genotype dependent. Within such response patterns the glutathione system is a valuable stress marker in ecophysiological studies.

The group cohesion in team sports has been an important topic for sport psychologist for more than 25 years. It can be described as \"a dynamic process that is reflected in the tendency for a group to stick together and remain united in the pursuit of its instrumental objectives and/or for the satisfaction of member affective needs“ (Carron, Brawley & Widmeyer, 1998, p. 213) and by many authors is regarded as one of the most important group variable in sport teams (Carron, Brawley, & Widmeyer, 2002; Cox, 2007).\nThe purpose of our study was to examine the association between players’ positions (forward, defence and goal) in ice-hockey, soccer and handball and perceived team cohesion using the GEQ. Despite the fact, that players from the interactive sports (such as soccer, ice-hockey and handball) have their specific roles and tasks, they need to cooperate and create a cohesive team. Comprehension of differences and similarities of the constituent players’ position uniqueness can contribute sport psychologists as well as team sport trainers.

Electrical and structural properties of mono-, di-, tri- and tetrachlorothiophenes and their radical cations have been studied using the ab initio/MP2 method with 6-311+G** basis set. The effects of the number and position of the substituent of chlorine atoms on the properties of the thiophene ring for all chlorothiophenes and their radical cations have been studied. Vibrational frequencies, spin-density distribution, size and direction of dipole moment vector, ionization potential, electric polarizabilities and orbital energy spacings including HUMO-LUMO gap (HLG) and electronic spatial extent (ESE) of these compounds have been calculated as well. The analysis of these data showed that double bonds in 3-chlorothiophene are more delocalized and it is the best possible candidate monomer among all chlorothiophenes for the synthesis of corresponding conducting polymers with modified characteristics.

We perform an empirical analysis on the benefits of, and the challenges faced by, sustainability accounting in measuring the effects of climate change for a sample of Spanish rice farms. We use farm yields, revenues and incomes as indicators of economic performance, and greenhouse gas emissions, and direct and indirect energy consumption as indicators of climate change effects. According to our data, farms with higher yields, revenues and income are responsible for a greater environmental impact, measured in total gigajoules of energy consumed and tons of carbon dioxide emitted, than farms with a lower economic performance. Results show that in our sample the achievement of higher yields is attributable to the greater use of chemical inputs and fossil fuels and not to innovative and sustainable farming practices. The results indicate that accounting for climate change effects is not only possible but also necessary to provide more accurate information on the overall costs and benefits of farming. Greater transparency in accounting information should serve to highlight which farming activities are better able to reduce climate change impacts.

Human blood samples are collected in 8 areas. They are Tung Seaur Tone School, Ban Sapanlao, Lijia, Kroeng-gavia, Ban Linthin, Huay Mae-Khamin, Numjone Pier, and Ban Nasuan. The 84 of blood samples comprise 57 children (68%) with age of 0-15 years and 27 adults (32%) with age of >15 years. In children, the samples with Pb blood level <25 g/dL make up 35.1% of all children samples while those >25 g/L make up 44%. In adults, the blood samples with the Pb level <40 g/L represents 96.3% of all adult samples. Only 3.7% of the adult samples exhibit the blood Pb level of >40 g/dL. It is noted that the blood Pb level considered “normal” is <25 g/L in children and <40 g/L in adults. From these survey results, it could be concluded that human activities are important factors leading to Pb contamination in the upper Mae Klong watershed area. Therefore, if residential areas are located below the place where Pb ore layers exist, those living there are likely to take more risk in absorbing Pb poisoning than those in the area without Pb ore. The results indicate that the highest contamination is found in sediments, particularly in the mining areas. A high level of Pb is also identified in aquatic animals, namely mollusk, a kind of common food for people in the area of study. Taken from the area free from mining activities, the Pb level in the environmental samples is within the standard level. In the environmental samples collected in the vicinity of where mining activities exist, the Pb level is always high. To investigate blood Pb level and possible routes that people are likely to receive Pb from, health risk assessment is conducted with Arcview as a tool. In the research, the levels of risk are divided into five categories; 1. The least risk area 2. The low risk area 3. The moderate risk area 4. The high risk area and 5. The highest risk area. Three measures are proposed in order to possibly help avoid the risk of Pb exposure and to prevent further contamination in the upper Mae Klong watershed. The first one is based on the assumption that communities remain in the area while all mining activities are permanently prohibited. The second one proposes co-existence of communities with mining activities. The last one is the relocation of people from the high and highest risk areas to the safe areas while mining activities persist.