The optimal form of food used to enrich human organism with biologically active ingredients and is considered acceptable for each producer is the fruit and vegetable juices, the biological value of which is determined by the maximum preservation of useful substances in the product during processing. Orange juice was added to the fermented puree prepared from the pumpkin variety Palov-kodu 268 for the enrichment with pectic substances.\nDuring the processing, fermented pumpkin puree, orange juice, sugar, dry skim milk, yeast and 1% and 2% of liquid pectic substances were added to water. The effect of the type and concentration of pectic substances on the probiotic properties of the fruit and vegetable blended beverage was studied. The best result was achieved when using liquid pectin (2%) having bifidogenic properties.\nOn the basis of fermented pumpkin puree and orange juice,a recipe and technology of a new beverage with high probiotic properties were developed. The analysis of the chemical composition of this beverage revealed not only high bifidogenic properties but alsocomplexingability.\n Quantity of lactic acidbacteria and bifidobacteria in the composition of prepared juices was determined. Moreover, 10 juice samples were prepared in different proportions and the organoleptic evaluation was performed on the indices of the samples. The juices were tasted and evaluated on a 10-point scale. The chemical composition of the juice with the highest point was determined. At the end of the study, the safety indices of the beverage were determined. The developed beverage was found to meetthe requirements for basic safety criteria and can be used as nutrition as well as therapeutic and prophylactic food for children.

The objective of the present study was to determine mechanisms of biochemical metabolism related to blood lipids in the next generation of monogastric animals whose parental generation was supplied with diets containing different n-6/n-3 fatty acid ratios (4:1, 15:1, 30:1, 71:1). The group fed with diet having n-6/n-3 ratio of 4:1 had significantly lower blood levels of triacylglycerol, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase compared to other groups, showing the following order depending on n-6/n-3 ratio: 4:1 > 15:1 > 30:1 > 71:1. The group fed with diet having n-6/n-3 ratio of 4:1 also had significantly higher levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol than the other groups. Compared to other group, the group fed with diet having n-6/n-3 ratio of 4:1 showed significantly higher inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity. Fecal steroid excretion was significantly increased in the group fed with diet having n-6/n-3 ratio of 4:1 in comparison with that of any other group. Results of this study revealed that dietary n-6/n-3 ratio of 4:1 in parental generation could decrease blood lipids in the next generation of monogastric animals.

Through the field experiments of maize under mulched drip irrigation completed in the Yellow River irrigation area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 2013, the influence of different levels of irrigation and fertilization on maize physiological index, grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE) was analyzed in this paper, in order to determine the planting, water and fertilizer management for high crop yield appropriating to the local conditions. The results showed that both different irrigation and fertilizer levels had significant influences on physiological indices, grain yield, and the treatment of the moderate irrigation and fertilization level had the optimal grain yield and WUE. Furthermore, compared with the local irrigation and fertilization practices, the mulched drip irrigation treatments increased 10.0%~19.5% in grain yield and decreased 30.6%~64.4% in water consumption. Therefore, the appropriate irrigation and fertilization scheduling of drip irrigation had obvious effect to increase the crop yield.

While there are some positive opinions that GMOs may bring forth certain benefits, there are also negative opinions based on the argument that GMOs may also pose certain harms and risks. After Turkish Law was issued on GMOs, the public have started to discuss about it. This study aims to identify the knowledge and attitudes towards GMOs of the health personnel in Turkey (n= 1015) by reason of the importance of the trust in the knowledge and opinions of staff working at associated health institutions. Health personnel working at the Agency were investigated using a survey containing 15 questions. The data obtained were analyzed statistically by SPSS 11 and a chi-square test. 56.6% of the respondents heard the term GMO on TV/radio and 2.1% heard it the first time during this survey. The percentage of the personnel who think that the GMOs are beneficial is 19.6%. The respondents think that GMOs are beneficial because of the enrichment in nutritional content and/or enhancement of quantity (6.4%). The percentage of those who think that GMOs are unsafe or risky is 80.4%. It is stated that this fact may result in more health problems (% 50.8). 55.1% of the respondents pointed out fruits and vegetables, 15.8% red and white meat and 4% milk and dairy products as GMO product group. 95.8% of the respondent stated that they would not purchase food products of GMO. In conclusion, the health personnel should be educated more on GMOs.