This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary nutritional or physiological conditions on serum chemical values in Hanwoo cows. A total of 458 Hanwoo cows were used as experimental animals. The study was carried out under four conditions: parity (Heifer, Parity 1, Parity 2, Parity 3, and > Parity 4) for 1 months, feeding type (concentrate feed + rice straw and total mixed ration [TMR]) for 3 months, dietary energy level (80%, 100%, and 120%) for 3 months, and pregnancy (pregnant and non-pregnant) for 1 months. The concentration of serum glucose was higher in the concentrate feed group than in the TMR group (p < 0.01). Concentration of non-esterified fatty acid (Non Esterified Fatty acid [NEFA], p < 0.03) and blood urea nitrogen (blood urea nitrogen [BUN], p < 0.01) increased in the TMR group compared to the concentrate feed group. Serum glucose concentration was decreased at finishing period (3rd) with increasing feed energy level (p < 0.05); however, serum BUN (p < 0.03) and cholesterol (p < 0.02) concentration increased with increasing energy level. The effect of pregnancy on the overall serum chemical value was not significant. Therefore, feeding type and dietary energy level significantly influenced serum glucose, NEFA, BUN, and cholesterol concentration in Hanwoo cows whereas parity or pregnancy had no influence.

This research aimed to determine the teaching practices of Junior High School English teachers in ensuring quality instruction amidst COVID-19 pandemic. Specifically, it sought to determine the profile of the respondents, the distance teaching practices of the respondents in terms of delivery modalities, teaching materials used, teaching strategies/techniques, monitoring techniques, and assessment methods; determine the effectiveness of the teaching practices using learner’s performance; and suitability and adaptability to the current situation. The subject of the study were the 24 Junior High School teachers in the municipality of Gabaldon, Nueva Ecija, Philippines. The research design used was quantitative method of research particularly the descriptive survey. Results showed that several assessment methods are often applied during distance teaching such as performance or project-based like portfolio, research project, term paper, or other tangible projects or outputs, providing open-ended questions, providing offline quarterly examinations, asking students to create multimedia presentations like slide show presentation, recitation, performance videos, discussion videos, etc, and performance-based assessment like vlogs or recorded performance. Results also showed that teaching practices are found to be effective in creating activities that develop learner’s abilities and skills in English. Moreover, it was found to be fairly effective in independent learning experiences, modality used, adapting digital technological tools, and utilization of various teaching materials.

This study aimed to replace a part of the wheat flour used in pan bread preparation with sesame flour; for the later nutritional, healthy, and functional properties. The bread samples were evaluated by rheological characteristics: texture (TPA, firmness using hold until time method, firmness using single compression method, and crust properties), chemical composition (proximate composition, phytosterols, and fatty acid profile), color (CIE L*, a*, b*, and ΔEab*), physical properties (volumes, specific volume, baking loss, and yield), and sensory properties (appearance, texture, crust color, crumb color and flavor). The best formula was prepared from composite flour containing 20% sesame seed flour without pretreatments. Above 15% substitution level, the use of bread improver was essential. The developed formula containing 20% sesame seed significantly affected pan bread\'s textural and color properties but did not affect sensory acceptability. The developed functional pan bread had significantly higher protein (11.20%), fats (6.88%), dietary fibers (2.44%), and % unsaturated fatty acids (80.93%) than the control treatment (9.63, 2.41, 2.08, and 55.84) respectively. The developed formula contains 6.9 grams/kg of phytosterols per kilogram of bread.

In solving the problems of organizing mechanized field work, research of technological and production processes, construction It is necessary to take into account external factors that determine the main regularities of various processes, and therefore it becomes relevant to statistically assess external factors that affect technological and technical and economic parameters, which are multidimensional random variables. Therefore, the main difficulties in developing research methods and building a process model are associated with identifying averaged and so-called general large properties of understanding indicators, that is, their multiplicity, which is associated with finding the totality of all possible situations in a particular region or zone. Practice shows that with isotropic statistics of agrotechnical and physical properties on a sufficiently large land mass with a large number of areas limited in area, at any given time, it is possible to determine the same-sex different indicators of the working machine.\nExperimentally, with the help of meteorological factors and indicators that characterize the physical state of the soil, the most appropriate law governing the change of Screens is determined. Here we use Poisson\'s law, which governs not only randomly distributed points along the time axis, but also the concepts of randomly distributed points (structures) in space.\nThis law allows an approximate description of this process, the interrelated changes in the indicators of micro-damage of soil hardness and humidity for such important meteorological factors as precipitation (by the number of coincidences), thereby confirming the accepted hypothesis about the law of the integral distribution of the time of existence of micro-damage as the simplest stationary course. When processing the results of the observation in the period from August to November, the Poisson distribution law was used. Theoretical we consider the construction of a model in which the state space is formed by an additive set of structures of different scales. On the basis of experimental data, autocorrelation functions of changes in humidity, soil roughness and slope angle are constructed. The method describing the external conditions is applied in solving the problems of organizing mechanized field work in various natural and climatic conditions of the republic.

The main purpose of the study is to study the difficulties faced by small and medium entrepreneurs in the agribusiness sector of the Republic of Azerbaijan in accordance with the specific characteristics and regional conditions and ways to overcome them. The study examines the challenges faced by small and medium-sized farms in the agribusiness sector, despite the successful reforms implemented in the Republic of Azerbaijan after the transition to a market economy model, and comments on the priorities of economic policy in SME development against the background of high macroeconomic indicators. The study analyzes the current situation in the agribusiness sector of the Republic of Azerbaijan, investigates the causes of the main problems faced by economic entities belonging to the group of small and medium-sized farms and shows the measures taken to eliminate the problems.

This study investigated the effects of allicin and illite supplementations on in vitro ruminal methane (CH4) production, growth performance and carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. Twenty-eight steers were randomly assigned to one of four dietary groups: control, T1 (1.0% illite), T2 (0.1% allicin), or T3 (1.0% illite and 0.1% allicin). After 24 h of in vitro ruminal incubation, acetate and butyrate concentrations were significantly higher in the T3 group than the control (p<0.05), and total gas production was significantly decreased in the T2 group compared to the control and T1 group (p<0.05). CH4 production rapidly increased for all treatments after 8 h, but decreased compared to the control after 24 h (p<0.05). The allicin and illite had no effect on average daily gains, dry matter intake, and feed conversion ratios were similar between treatments. There was also no effect on the rib eye area, back fat thickness, or marbling scores, and no negative effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation, growth performance, or carcass characteristics for the steers. Therefore, allicin 0.1% and/or illite 1.0% could be used as natural feed additives to reduce CH4 production without negatively affecting the in vitro ruminal fermentation, growth performance, or carcass characteristics of Hanwoo steers. In addition, we recommend that the supplementation of allicin alone is more efficient than the mixed supplementation of allicin and illite.

This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of different feeding types on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat composition of Holstein steers. Fifteen steers were randomly assigned to one of three dietary groups; T1 (commercial concentrate + ryegrass straw), T2 (fermented total mixed ration + commercial concentrate), and T3 (fermented total mixed ration). Average daily gain, dry matter intake and TDN intake were lower in T3 than in T1 and T2; however, there were no statistically significant differences. Concentrations of serum BUN was higher in T1 and T2 than in T3 (p<0.05). Carcass weight and rib eye area were slightly but not significantly higher in T2 than in T1 and T3. Marbling score was higher in T2 than in T1 and T3; however, there were no statistically significant differences. Overall physicochemical compositions were similar in all treatments. Lightness and redness in the longissimus muscle was slightly but not significantly higher in T2 than in T1 and T3. Composition of amino acid in longissimus muscle was similar between the treatments. The contents of oleic acid tended to be increased as the feeding amount of the concentrate increased, but there was no statistically significant difference. The content of linoleic acid was higher in T1 and T2 than in T3 (p<0.05). Thus, the findings of this study indicate that a sequential feeding method of fermented TMR and concentrate had a positive effect on energy intake, carcass weight and marbling score without any negative effect on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat composition of Holstein steers.