Abstract\nObjective:Glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an inherited disorderwhich is common in Iran and may cause neonatal jaundice. As combination ofG6PD and ABO or Rhesus incompatibility leads to higher risk, we aimed to evaluate theDistribution of ABO and Rhesus blood groups in G6PD deficient newborns.\nMaterial & Methods:This cohort study was conducted on 150 ictericnewbornswhoadmitted to theNICU ofeducational hospitals in Azad University in North-East state of Iran, Mashhad.G6PD deficiency was evaluated and case and control groups were considered of 50 icteric newborns withG6PD deficiency and 100 icteric newborns with normal levels of enzyme respectively. Distribution of ABO and Rhesus blood group was considered in G6PD deficient newborns and compared with newborns with normal levels of the enzyme. The prevalence of hemolysis was compared in two groups as well.\nResults: Prevalence of hemolysis was 22% in case group and 19%in controls. There was no significant relationship between G6PD deficiency and hemolysis.There was no significant relationship between Distribution of ABO and Rhesus blood groups in G6PD deficient newborns.\nConclusion:There was no significant relationship between G6PD deficiency and hemolysis.There was no significant relationship between Distribution of ABO and Rhesus blood groups in G6PD deficient newborns in Iran unlike other similar studies.

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different rates of zeolites and drought stress on the protein and mineral nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) of Lathyrus sativus. Factors were considered as two levels of irrigation (irrigation at field capacity (FC) and 50 % FC) were applied in two-leaf stageand four levels of zeolites (0, 10, 20, 30 ton/ha). Before planting, zeolite was added to the soil in deepness of root development. Results of ANOVA showed the significant effect of irrigation on the leaf nitrogen, leaf phosphorus, leaf potassium and leaf protein content, and however significant effect of zeolite on the leaf nitrogen, leaf phosphorus, leaf protein content and yield. The results indicated that water deficit stress significantly decreased leaf nitrogen, leaf phosphorus, leaf potassium and leaf protein content, whereas the application of zeolite compensated the negative effect of drought stress, especially in high rates of polymer application (30 ton/ha). The highest leaf nitrogen (2.17 %), leaf phosphorus (0.2 %), the percent (14.2 %) and yield of leaf protein (0.07 g/plant) were obtained from application of 30 ton/ha zeolite. These findings strongly suggested that the irrigation intervals of Lathyrus could be increased by application of zeolite.

In this cross-sectional comparative research, we study 117 patients from 1-24 months with the bronchiolitis; based on clinical diagnostic criteria. These patients hospitalized in Ali-Ebne Abitaleb Zahedan hospital from Dec. 1, 2011 to Dec. 1, 2013, IRAN. Of those, we tried to select the patients from the same epidemiology, racial and health conditions. Based on exclusion criteria, 17 patients were excluded from the study conducted. 57% of patients were male and 43% female. The most common of disease age was identified as from 1 to 6 months. From data forms, radiological and laboratory findings, we obtain symptoms of bronchiolitis in southeastern Iran.

Radiation protection against short wavelength radiation have beeen studied by using Barium sulfate-Epoxy mixture.. So, the outcome of this research showed a good new information about the ability of barium sulfate-Epoxy mixture to protect the human and environment against short wavelength rays. There is an easy procedure, low cost and available materials to construct the shielding, instead of that high cost shielding. Increasing of barium sulfate ratios in Barium-Epoxy mixture leads to increasing of gamma ray attenuation with decreasing of gamma photon energy. The results of high attenuation of gamma ray is due to the prevent of the ray to be transimitted through the mixture. New methods of procedure for radiation protection are used in the labs and work places, which are used the radioactive materials. The measurements of transmission and scattering of gamma ray through barium-epoxy mixture are done. Short wavelength radiation causes hazards on human health and environment, so this work used to investigate the transmission of gamma photons through cement blocks which covered by barium-epoxy. NaI(TI) detector used to count the number of gamma photons that transmitted through the materials. The count of CPS is done by using maestro software after applying the mixture on cement bkock. The source of gamma photons was americium-241 (Am-241) which emits gamma photon from the decay of beta particles. There were two decay energys of gamma ray emitting which are 59.5 keV and 26.3 keV that can be received by Maestro software. The scattering of gamma ray was studied at various angles 0°, 20°, 30°, 45°, 70°and 90°.

Food choice Questionnaire (FCQ) is an internationally validated questionnaire covering different motivational segments that influence our dietary choices and has been previously tested on students of comparable western countries. The questionnaire contains 36 questions to which the responses are given on a 4-point scale. Our goal was to assess the degree to which the FCQ shows measurement invariance across populations and to test the FCQ in the Slovene environment. The study included 1566 Slovenian students whose answers were statistically analysed to determine which factors affect food choices. We found that food choices are affected by nine factors, the factor analysis identified eight factors, which are identical as in previous studies, and we identified one new factor. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the dietary choices among the student population and could be used in health promotion and marketing.

Albania up to 1990s was a closed economy country under the communist regime. With the change in regime, from communism to democracy, a change in the economy too happened, from a closed economy to an open market economy. Since that time many changes have taken place in the Albanian economy. This study aims to find whether or not there exist a relationship between investment, innovation and economic growth in Albania. The period taken into consideration is a 13 years period 2000-2012. Data used in the study are secondary data taken from the Albanian Institute of Statistics (INSTAT) and Albanian General Directorate of Patents and Trademarks (GDPT).\nThe method used in the analysis of the data is multiple regression analysis.\nThe results of the study show that there exist a strong relationship between investment, innovation and economic growth and that for the Albanian economy investment in innovation is crucial for its growth, since its impact is very high.

In this work, we consider a unit speed dual Lorentzian curve $\\widehat{%\n\\alpha }$ in dual Lorentzian space $\\mathbb{D}_{1}^{3}$ and denote by $\\{%\n\\overrightarrow{\\widehat{T}},\\overrightarrow{\\widehat{N}},\\overrightarrow{%\n\\widehat{B}}\\}$ the dual Frenet frame of $\\widehat{\\alpha }$. We say that $%\n\\widehat{\\alpha }$ is a slant helix if there exists a non-zero dual constant\nvector field $\\overrightarrow{\\widehat{U}}$ in $D_{1}^{3}$ such that the\ndual function $\\left\\langle \\overrightarrow{\\widehat{N}},\\overrightarrow{%\n\\widehat{U}}\\right\\rangle $ is a dual constant. Moreover, \\ we give some\ncharacterizations of slant helice in terms of their dual curvatures.\nFinally, we show that dual tangent indicatrices and dual binormal\nindicatrices of slant helices are dual helices.

Objective: The labor pain is one of the most severe pains in women. This study carried out to evaluate the efficacy and safety of (transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation) TENS on intensity for reducing pain in the first stage of labor.\nDesign: This clinical trial study was done on one hundred forty four (n=144) pregnant women in active phase of parturition who referred to Dezyani hospital in North of Iran during September 2010 up to April 2011 .In this single-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned healthy full-term parturient in active phase of first- stage of labor to TENS (n=47), the TENS placebo (n=47) and control group (n=47). The severity of labor pain was evaluated with visual analogue scale (VAS) in the TENS, TENS placebo and control groups immediately after intervention, 30 and 60 minute after intervention. This examination was done in 5-6 cm and 8-9 cm dilatation. The samples were collected after filling the questionnaire and recording the demographic at random.\nResults: The TENS group experienced VAS score decreasing, 30 minutes after intervention (VAS: 5.85) more common than the TENS placebo group (VAS: 6.47) .There was significantly different between two groups (P=0.04). The pain measure in 8-9 cm dilatation was statistically significant different (P=0.014) in TENS group (VAS: 7.79) in comparison to the TENS placebo group (VAS: 7) and control group (VAS: 8.94).\nConclusions: The results showed that the TENS system could be utilized for decreasing labor pain without risk for mother and fetus.

The energy efficiency and economic benefits are key issues with respect to their actual sustainability as sound agricultural practices as well as to their potential for further development. In this study, evaluation Investigation life cycle assessment emission, energy and economic indices under rain fed farming tea in north of Iran (Guilan province) was investigated. Data were collected from 36 farms by used a face to face questionnaire method during 2013 year in Guilan province. By using of consumed data as inputs and total production as output, and their concern equivalent energy, energy balance and energy indices were calculated. Energy efficiency (energy output to input energy ratio) for rain fed farming tea production in this study was calculated 0.25, showing the affective use of energy in the agro ecosystems tea production. Energy balance efficiency (production energy to consumption energy ratio) for rain fed farming tea production in this study was calculated 2.58, showing the affective use of energy in the agro ecosystems tea production. Results showed the benefit to cost ratio in the studied farms was calculated to be 1.07. Also, Results showed the Green house gases emissions in the studied farms were calculated to be 684.26 kgCO2eqha-1.

The aim of this paper is to present a set of comparative corporate governance standards in some Northern Asian countries including: Bangladesh, Mongolia, Pakistan plus Singapore. There are strengths and weaknesses in these codes or practices which will be identified in this paperwork.\nHence, this paperwork not only identifies different points in latest corporate governance standard principles and systems in the above four (4) countries, but also provides with a summary of evaluation of current corporate governance systems in these above countries which may enable relevant organizations in re-evaluating their current ones. Last but not least, it aims to illustrate a limited comparative set of standards of Northern Asian corporate governance, and give proper recommendations to relevant governments and institutions toward a sustainable practices in business life.

Using a one factor model, this paperwork estimates the impacts of the size of firms’ competitors in the stock investment industry on the market risk level, measured by equity and asset beta, of 6 listed companies in this category. \nThis study identified that the risk dispersion level in this sample study could be minimized in case the competitor size kept as current approximate size (measured by equity beta var of 0,034).\nBeside, the empirical research findings show us that asset beta min value decreases from 0,166 to 0,099 when the size of competitor doubles.\nLast but not least, most of beta values are acceptable except a few exceptional cases. \nUltimately, this paper illustrates calculated results that might give proper recommendations to relevant governments and institutions in re-evaluating their policies during and after the financial crisis 2007-2009.

India is one of the fastest growing economies in the world today. Increasing prosperity and standard of living of millions of people leads to increase in consumption of energy and consumer goods. Concurrently, this growth likely put a strain on the environment and on the availability of natural resources. Already, India has 16.8% of the world’s population and only 2.2% of the world’s total land area. In India, as in other developing countries, solid waste management and sanitation are the least prioritized public services. These services are necessary for preventing the spread of diseases, promoting general well being, and improving the standard of living. However, due to lack of knowledge about the linkages of waste management to public health and environmental protection, unwillingness on the part of the local officials to take necessary action, and due to lack of funds for implementing and maintaining best practices, waste management has not received the attention as it requires. This paper provides an overview of waste generation, collection, disposal for India as a whole and some possible suggestions to overcome the problems associated with municipal solid Waste management.

Abstract\n Stromal cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is closely related to the biological characteristics of breast cancer. The aim of this article is to investigate if estrogen affects the biological characteristics of breast cancer via affecting secretion of SDF-1. The breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 used in this study were divided into control group, estrogen group and estrogen plus estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist group. These groups were treated with different concentrations of 17-β estradiol or the same concentration of 17-β estradiol for different times, respectively. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction were performed. Secretion of SDF-1 was detected in the cell basal medium of MCF-7. When adding a high physiological concentrations of 17-β estradiol (10-7 mol/L), the levels of SDF-1 secretion achieved a peak at 2 h and it was 6 times of control group (1823.16 ± 325.18 pg/ml comparing to 308.23 ± 9.23 pg/ml, P < 0. 01). However, this effect could be eliminated by the pure estrogen antagonist ICI182 or ICI780. The SDF-1 mRNA levels were consistent with the determined SDF-1protein levels. At the time point of 2 h, for the 10-7 mol/L group, the SDF-1 mRNA expression levels were higher than the antagonist group, with statistically significant differences (P < 0. 05). It was found that secretion of SDF-1 can be increased by the physiological concentrations of estrogen mainly through regulation of estrogen receptor.